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As our cities and towns expand to accommodate growing populations, the balance between urban development and ecological preservation becomes increasingly fragile. One critical strategy to address this challenge is the creation and maintenance of green corridors. These continuous stretches of vegetation, connecting parks, forests, wetlands, and other natural habitats, are essential for promoting biodiversity, improving quality of life, and enhancing climate resilience.

What Are Green Corridors?

Green corridors are linear green spaces that link larger natural areas, enabling wildlife to move freely and safely across fragmented landscapes. They can take many forms: riverbanks, urban greenways, tree-lined streets, or even vegetated rooftops that connect natural habitats within cities. By integrating nature into urban and suburban environments, green corridors create pathways for ecological connectivity.

One example of green infrastructure supporting wildlife is the green bridge in Nettersheim, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, which allows animals to safely cross the Autobahn A1, reducing road fatalities and maintaining genetic flow between populations.

A green bridge allows animals to cross the Autobahn A1 safely – Eifel region, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

Ecological Benefits

One of the primary functions of green corridors is to support biodiversity. Habitat fragmentation—caused by roads, buildings, and other infrastructure—is a leading cause of species decline. Green corridors mitigate this by providing:

Organizations like Wildpath, The Nature Conservancy, and Wildlife Corridors Australia are actively working to establish and protect green corridors that sustain biodiversity and ensure safe wildlife movement.

Climate Resilience

In the face of climate change, green corridors are vital for creating resilient communities. They contribute by:

An example of this is the Recreio Green Corridor Project in Brazil, launched in 2012 by the Municipal Secretariat for the Environment. This project aims to protect and enhance the biodiversity of the region while helping the west side of the city adapt to coastal flooding and erosion.

Nonprofits such as Rainforest Trust and Green Corridors (South Africa) are also focusing on reforestation and ecosystem restoration to enhance climate resilience worldwide.

Social and Economic Benefits

Beyond ecological advantages, green corridors offer significant social and economic benefits:

Mexico City showcases both older and newer green corridor infrastructure, with shaded walking and cycling routes in the Roma and Condesa districts, and the innovative Ecoductor – Walking River, integrating walking into green and blue corridors while connecting with the city-wide cycle hire scheme.

Organizations like Urban Green Spaces (UK) and Green Infrastructure Partnership advocate for green corridors as tools for enhancing urban livability and well-being.

Challenges and Solutions

The implementation of green corridors often faces challenges such as land acquisition, funding, and competing urban priorities. However, these hurdles can be addressed with innovative approaches:

Inspiring Examples

Globally, there are inspiring examples of green corridors transforming urban areas:

Policy & Place

Aligning policy with green corridors for placemaking requires a multi-layered approach that integrates land-use planning, environmental protection, community engagement, and sustainable development. Here’s how policymakers can support green corridor initiatives:

1. Incorporate Green Corridors into Urban and Regional Plans

2. Strengthen Environmental Protections

3. Incentivize Private Sector & Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)

4. Enhance Mobility & Accessibility

5. Foster Community Stewardship & Engagement

6. Integrate Climate Resilience Policies

Go Green

Green corridors are not just environmental features; they are lifelines for ecosystems and urban communities alike. By investing in these natural pathways and supporting organizations dedicated to their preservation, we can create cities that are not only sustainable but also more livable and connected. As we envision the future of urban and regional planning, green corridors should be at the heart of our efforts to harmonize development with nature.

Urbanization inevitably transforms the landscapes it inhabits. Cities pulse with cultural diversity, commerce, movement, and exchange—bringing energy and connection to our lives. Yet, as concrete sprawls and car dependency rises, many urban areas are turning into ecological dead zones, burdened by air, noise and light pollution.

By thoughtfully weaving biodiversity into the built environment, we can align human activity with nature, creating spaces that support both ecological health and human well-being. Prioritizing green infrastructure and essential pollinators like bees, butterflies, and birds allows cities to flourish as vibrant ecosystems. When we let nature guide our planning and design, we cultivate not only resilient but regenerative, inspiring environments where both people and wildlife can thrive.

Why Biodiversity and Pollinators Matter in Urban Development

Biodiversity—the variety of life within ecosystems—plays a fundamental role in maintaining environmental stability. Pollinators, including bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and bats, are vital to sustaining biodiversity by facilitating plant reproduction. In urban settings, fostering biodiversity and supporting pollinators can:

Ignoring biodiversity and pollinators in urban planning leads to habitat destruction, food insecurity, urban heat island effects, and loss of essential ecosystem services. This makes cities more vulnerable to climate change and environmental degradation.

Image by: Earthed

Strategies for Enhancing Biodiversity and Supporting Pollinators in the Built Environment

1. Green Infrastructure & Nature-Based Solutions

Incorporating green roofs, living walls, and rain gardens enhances urban biodiversity while improving air quality and stormwater management. These nature-based solutions create essential habitats for pollinators and native plants, contributing to healthier urban ecosystems.

Brooklyn Grange

Founded in 2010, Brooklyn Grange is the leading rooftop farming and intensive green roofing business in the US, operating the world’s largest rooftop soil farms, located in New York City. Brooklyn Grange promotes sustainable urban living by building green spaces, hosting educational programming and events, and widening access to locally grown produce in New York City communities. Brooklyn Grange’s purpose is to restore the connection between people and the natural world. We create meaningful livelihood opportunities and steward green spaces in the built environment to foster more livable and climate-adapted cities.

2. Pollinator-Friendly Planting & Urban Beekeeping

Integrating native flowering plants, meadows, and pollinator gardens into urban landscapes provides essential nectar sources for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Urban beekeeping initiatives, such as rooftop apiaries and community-led pollinator programs, help restore declining bee populations while fostering local food production. A living and breathing example of this is the IGA Organic Rooftop Farm.

IGA ORGANIC ROOFTOP FARM

25,000 square foot rooftop garden of IGA Extra Famille Duchemin grocery store, created in 2017 in Montreal, produces about 35 types of produce that the store harvests and sells themselves. Richard Duchemin, co-owner of the IGA Extra Famille Duchemin, says his grocery was the first in Canada to sell produce that’s grown on its roof. About 35 types of produce are being grown in the 25,000-sq.-ft. rooftop garden — about half the total roof area.

3. Urban Rewilding & Habitat Restoration

Transforming underutilized spaces into biodiverse ecosystems, such as converting vacant lots into pollinator-friendly gardens, helps reconnect urban areas with nature. Cities like Singapore, London and The Underline in Miami have successfully implemented urban rewilding initiatives, increasing biodiversity and strengthening pollinator populations.

The Underline

Since its founding, Friends of The Underline has been committed to transforming the underutilized land below Miami’s Metrorail—from the Miami River to Dadeland South Station—into a 10-mile linear park, urban trail and public art destination.

Through a partnership with Miami-Dade County, a vibrant and engaged board of directors, public and private donors and hundreds of volunteers, The Underline is becoming an example for repurposing unused land into a public park and community space and asset.

In 2020, The Underline Management Organization dba The Underline Conservancy was created to manage, maintain, operate and program The Underline. The public/private organization has its own board with representatives from Friends of The Underline and Miami-Dade County.

4. Sustainable Land-Use Planning

Integrating biodiversity considerations into zoning laws, building codes, and land-use policies ensures that urban growth does not come at the cost of ecosystem destruction. Mixed-use developments with green corridors help facilitate wildlife movement, pollinator pathways, and habitat connectivity.

5. Biophilic Design Principles

Biophilic design integrates natural elements into the built environment, enhancing aesthetics while supporting ecological function. Features like pollinator-friendly terraces, indoor gardens, and natural lighting improve occupant well-being while reinforcing biodiversity.

6. Innovative Bio-Based Building Materials

Sustainable, bio-based building materials play a crucial role in integrating biodiversity into urban development. Examples include:

These materials not only reduce the environmental impact of construction but also enhance habitat creation for pollinators and other wildlife.

7. Community Engagement & Stewardship

Educating communities about biodiversity conservation and involving them in pollinator-friendly initiatives—such as tree planting, beekeeping workshops, and native species gardening—fosters environmental responsibility. Citizen science programs and urban conservation efforts strengthen the relationship between people and nature while promoting pollinator health.

Additional Case Studies: Biodiversity & Pollinator Success Stories in Urban Development

The High Line, New York City

A former railway turned urban park, the High Line is a prime example of how biodiversity can be reintroduced into a dense urban setting. Featuring native plant species designed to attract pollinators, the park provides habitat for bees, butterflies, birds, and other wildlife while offering a green space for the community.

Bosco Verticale, Milan

The Bosco Verticale (Vertical Forest) residential towers integrate over 900 trees and thousands of plants into their design. This not only improves air quality and reduces noise pollution but also creates a microhabitat for birds and pollinators in the heart of the city.

Singapore’s Green Plan 2030

Singapore has positioned itself as a leader in urban biodiversity through its Green Plan 2030, which emphasizes increasing green spaces, expanding nature corridors, and promoting sustainable urban development. Many of its initiatives focus on enhancing pollinator habitats and restoring urban ecosystems.

The Future of Biodiversity, Pollinators & the Built Environment

As climate change and urbanization continue to challenge ecosystems, integrating biodiversity and pollinator conservation into urban planning is more urgent than ever. By embracing nature-based solutions, biophilic design, and bio-based building materials, cities can transform into biodiversity hotspots rather than ecological wastelands. The future of sustainable urban development lies in fostering harmony between the built environment and the natural world, ensuring that pollinators—and the ecosystems they sustain—thrive alongside us.

Are you a developer, architect, or urban planner looking to incorporate biodiversity and pollinator-friendly design into your projects?

We are seeking tenants, partners and collaborators who are interested to demonstrate their innovative projects and concepts at the Climate & Innovation HUB in Miami and the PHXJAX Art & Innovation District in Jacksonville, Florida

Let’s collaborate to build spaces that support both people and the planet. 

With the growing frequency of crisis happening across the globe, it is essential to cultivate capacity through mutual aid networks of support to stand together in global solidarity and align efforts for the health and well being of people and planet.

As a place-based approach to community resilience, mutual aid prioritizes and self-organizes to collect, share and distribute resources. In moments of crisis, whether caused by natural disasters, economic downturns, or global pandemics, the cracks in our societal structures become glaringly apparent. Alongside these challenges, we witness an extraordinary outpouring of solidarity and care—a testament to the power of mutual aid and community action.

What is Mutual Aid?

Mutual aid is a voluntary, reciprocal exchange of resources and services for mutual benefit. Unlike charity, which can sometimes reinforce hierarchical structures, mutual aid emphasizes collective responsibility and equality. It operates on the principle that communities are best positioned to identify and address their own needs, creating resilience and empowerment from within.

The Roots of Mutual Aid

The concept of mutual aid is far from new. Historically, communities have come together during times of hardship to share resources and protect one another. From cooperative farming practices in rural areas to urban neighborhood watch programs, mutual aid has been a cornerstone of human survival and progress.

In the modern era, mutual aid has taken on new forms, from grassroots disaster relief efforts to digital networks connecting individuals with resources during global crises.

Why Mutual Aid Matters in Crisis

  1. Filling Gaps in Institutional Support • During crises, government and large-scale organizations often struggle to provide timely and adequate support. Mutual aid groups can act swiftly to meet immediate needs, offering food, shelter, medical supplies, and emotional support.
  2. Strengthening Social Bonds • Mutual aid fosters a sense of belonging and trust within communities. By working together, individuals develop stronger relationships and a shared sense of purpose.
  3. Expanded Access to Resources • Often, the most vulnerable populations are overlooked in traditional relief efforts. Mutual aid ensures that these groups have a voice and access to resources, addressing systemic inequities.
  4. Building Long-Term Resilience • Beyond immediate relief, mutual aid networks can serve as a foundation for long-term community resilience, promoting self-sufficiency and collective problem-solving.

How to Participate in Mutual Aid

  1. Join Local Groups • Look for mutual aid networks in your area. Many communities have social media groups or websites dedicated to organizing efforts.
  2. Share Your Resources • Whether it’s food, clothing, skills, or time, every contribution matters.
  3. Amplify Voices • Use your platform to raise awareness of mutual aid initiatives and advocate for those in need.
  4. Practice Solidarity, Not Charity • Approach mutual aid with the understanding that we are all interconnected, and supporting others strengthens the entire community.

Challenges and Opportunities

While mutual aid is a powerful tool for community resilience, it is not without its challenges. Sustaining efforts over time, avoiding burnout, and ensuring inclusivity are common obstacles. However, these can be mitigated through clear communication, shared leadership, and the use of technology to streamline coordination. The rise of digital platforms has expanded the reach and efficiency of mutual aid networks, enabling communities to mobilize faster and connect across geographic boundaries.

In times of crisis, mutual aid reminds us of a fundamental truth: we are stronger together. By prioritizing collective care and community-driven solutions, we can not only weather storms but also build a more equitable and compassionate society.

A Conversation with Scott Francisco on a new NY State Bill & tropical deforestation

Regenerative Placemaking Demonstration Series

by: Alexandra J Tohme

A “youth visioning workshop” in Madre de Dios, Peru, part of Scott Francisco’s “Future of Forest Work and Communities Program”, which gathers young people from forest landscapes around the world to explore nature-positive innovation and opportunities.

As the world faces complex environmental challenges so interlinked to production and consumption, the conversation around deforestation has gained significant momentum. Future of Cities sat down with Scott Francisco, the founder and director of Pilot Projects Collaborative and co-founder of Cities4Forests, to discuss the New York State Tropical Deforestation Free Procurement Act, the main causes of deforestation, our consumer choices, and how cities can actively engage with forests and forest communities for a regenerative future.

Our conversations began in Switzerland, at a small conference called the Klosters Forum that brought together built environment practitioners, designers, architects and academics in a collaborative setting high up in the mountains outside of Zurich.

As Future of Cities connected with new strategic partners, I decided to follow up on a post that caught my attention on Scott’s LinkedIn, about the New York Bill S 4859.

Interviewing Scott gave me insight into a fascinating market and unique global network connecting indigenous and local family-run forest harvesting communities — to major cities. From Guatemala to Gabon, Mexico and the US — there are regenerative practices being implemented to offer timber as a low-carbon substitute for construction and architecture, while supporting the biodiversity and forest restoration of tropical landscapes. 

The discussion in this article seeks to bring light to the cross-sector cutting issue of tropical forests — of prominent importance to demonstrate innovative solutions that hit many positive outcomes for people and the planet. 

Long-term relationships are being built across borders and continents — connecting rainforest communities with scientists, architects and city-planners. We hope the new New York State Bill takes this into account.

Scott Francisco’s 30+ year career and passion for Wood and Forests

Scott working with students in Michigan on conservation timber management plans and uses.

Scott Francisco introduced himself as an architect with a deep passion for wood as a construction material. He remembers how his undergraduate thesis involved creating an all- plywood house, a concept seeming bizarre at the time in the 1990s but foreshadowing the current excitement for mass timber buildings.

Scott Francisco leads a community visioning session with local ejidos (forest communities), conservation organizations, the private sector and government officials in Mexico. The Selva Maya region is the second largest intact rainforest in the Americas, and is under intense development pressure.

His love for wood led him to consider the larger role of forests in urban development: Can we use wood as a low carbon substitute for concrete and steel, and at the same time protect larger areas of forest from deforestation? Think of a park bench or office building made of wood, instead of concrete, and the forest supplying the timber given a secure future as a result. This opens many possibilities for other architecture & construction using wood to become investors in the future of forests and cities. 

He co-founded Cities4Forests, a global network of cities working towards integrating forests into their climate action plans. 

The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Aquarium Boardwalk on Coney Island, New York, made with conservation timber from Uaxactun, a community in the rainforests of Guatemala.

Scott meeting with one of the few female Community Captains in one of Suriname’s forest conservation concessions.

The New York State Tropical Deforestation Free Procurement Act: Explained

Francisco dove into the New York State Tropical Deforestation Free Procurement Act, a bill aimed at curbing deforestation’s negative impacts. The bill prohibits government procurement contracts from including any products associated with deforestation. However, there was a crucial issue — the bill treated all tropical timber equally, regardless of its source or regenerative practices. Poor timber management practices, including illegal and high intensity logging and some monoculture industrial timber plantations, do drive deforestation in many tropical forests. But it’s not the whole story.

“The main drivers of deforestation are the industrial-scale production of beef, soy and palm oil,” said Francisco, primarily in tropical regions, highlighting the growing global commodity and demand for palm oil over the past 15 years, which has resulted in large areas deforested in Indonesia. Beef and soy are similarly destructive in the Amazon. 

We at Future of Cities are big advocates and practitioners of biodiverse, small-scale family farming, social forestry, regenerative soil agriculture. The way in which we grow our products and crops deeply affects so many other areas of our lives, health and the planet.

Exploring Cloud forest conservation zone in Andean Ecuador. The Quito Bridge project was a demonstration project for how non-native eucalyptus could be put to work in local infrastructure and fund the restoration and conservation of these vital native forests

Conservation Timber: A Sustainable Alternative by Local Communities

Scott explained the concept of “conservation timber,” wood harvested sustainably in low volumes from community-managed forests. This approach offers local communities an alternative to deforestation while ensuring biodiversity conservation. 

As we focus on regenerative placemaking solutions at FOC — it is so powerful to learn about these methods that allow the forest to regenerate, through active community engagement.

Recognizing and promoting conservation timber and other forest products by local communities is critical for healthy ecologies and economies.

Thousands of families rely on a sustainable harvest of timber as their primary livelihood, to support their children and communities. It didn’t seem right or logical to draft a bill that blanket-prohibits all kinds of timber in government contracts regardless of whether or not they are good for the communities and the forest, or what the outcomes will be.

Ejido community leaders in the Yucatán Peninsula’s “Selva Maya” explaining their vision for conservation timber as a pillar of a sustainable local economy — and an alternative to land conversion.
Conservation timber logs are harvested sustainably, approximately one tree per acre, every 25 years.

He suggested an amendment to the Bill that specifically states criteria based on management practices that maintain healthy biodiversity, and are economically productive so that those same communities have an alternative to having their forest completely cut down.

One example of such a definition for this criteria could be Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification, the broadest and most robust global certification program for timber. FSC certified timber could be a requirement that is added and adjusted in this Bill.

Community meeting in Bigi Poika, Suriname, to discuss the future of the community forests, and achieving the gold standard of FSC certification through Cities4Forests’ “Partner Forests” program.

He emphasizes that we can look at timber harvest the same way you would for chocolate or coffee production — two wonderful commodities that also come from tropical forests. There are two ways to harvest: clearcut monoculture that destroys biodiversity and nature-based livelihoods, or regenerative models that rely on shade and rich biodiversity and therefore keep forest landscapes intact.

Imagine if the State of New York decided to purchase only shade-grown bird friendly coffee for government employees that comes from these biodiverse landscapes?

“Just like coffee can be terrible or wonderful for a forest landscape, so can timber be terrible or wonderful.” Francisco said, his passion clear throughout his thoughtful analyses.

Working with students across the US to build awareness of forest values and conservation innovation.

Advocacy at NYC Climate Week + A Guidebook for Developers

“So what can we do?” I inquired, asking about the tools for advocacy and awareness to protect these indigenous-model systems of local and regenerative forestation for construction and urban development. While this bill is still sitting with the governor, he encourages people to engage in constructive discussion and connect to government representatives, notably with NYC Climate Week coming up next week. He encourages engagement with his LinkedIn post, welcoming comments, revisions and feedback to the points he outlined in a letter to the Governor.

Francisco has also co-created useful tools such as the Forest Footprint for Cities, which helps cities track their tropical forest (and climate) impact, and invites us all to check on our cities and use data tools like this in our work, education, and policy advocacy.

Pilot Projects has developed a Sustainable Wood for Cities — a detailed guide for city governments, and private sector group (architects, engineers, developers) to evaluate the sustainability of their wood options, the source and production process, “we call them pathways that can guide you towards higher level of sustainability in your wood choice.”

It’s free to use and anyone can access it at citywoodguide.com

Francisco and I ended the conversation recognizing the value of activating a positive relationship between the rural and urban landscapes to mutually support each other:

“We have to activate cities to be proactive with their rural counterparts.”

To conclude with an excerpt from Scott Francisco’s message:

“Time, science (and satellite photos!) have clearly shown that management by local community residents is the best way to ensure that these forests are intact and healthy decades and centuries later. The businesses that these communities create keep the brightest, most dedicated young people working in these forests, and allows for generational knowledge-transfer over the long term.”

Major conservation organizations like Wildlife Conservation Society, Rainforest Alliance, World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, U.S. Forest Service, USAID, The Nature Conservancy, and hundreds more, support community-led conservation timber enterprises.

We hope that the great State of New York will too.

Scott passing down knowledge to next generations in the rainforests of North Queensland Australia
Benoit Jobbe-Duval from French conservation timber organization ATIBT, discusses forest management plans with community foresters and Rainforest Alliance in the Selva Maya.

Join the regenerative placemaking movement: Subscribe to our newsletter at focities.com to get involved, email me at: ajtohme@focities.com and follow us on Instagram.

Get in touch with Scott Francisco: scott@pilot-projects.org to learn more about tropical forests and forest communities around the world and follow @partnerforestprogram and @cities4forests.

Future Of Cities

Shaping America’s Role in the Post-COVID World

On March 4th, 2022, Future of Cities participated in the annual digitally mediated Horasis USA meeting. The meeting focused on the United States’ future and how it impacts the rest of the world. With 750 speakers and more than 150 sessions, it was an insightful event that resulted in numerous proposed ideas to positively shape the future of our world.

Tony Cho, CEO and founder of Future of Cities, was on a panel centered around the complexities of new urbanization—chaired by Timothy J. Nichol of Liverpool John Moores University—with Antonio Cantalapiedra of Woonivers, Mayor Eugene W. Grant of Seat Pleasant, Maxim Kiselev of Skoltech, and Avi Rabinovitch of Creative Links.

About Horasis: Horasis is a “global visions community committed to inspiring our future” and offers leaders and companies a platform to go global.

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As extreme weather events, like sea-level rise, wildfires, and other ecological disasters occur, climate change is becoming a more real and imminent threat by the day. In response, innovative concepts are spawning to mitigate effects and protect our society’s future. One such approach discussed in the sustainability and climate discourse has been regenerative placemaking. But what is this?  

Regenerative placemaking offers a new, holistic approach that is actively being applied in cities on a global scale. It seeks to go beyond net-zero to create a net positive impact on the environment. The principles that support regenerative placemaking are many, including living systems thinking, biophilia, sustainable practices, and community engagement. 

In this article, we are highlighting a few cities that are practicing these principles, and what can be learned from them.

Residents walking and riding bike in Copenhagen, Denmark.

1. Copenhagen, Denmark

Already known as the world’s greenest and most habitable city, Copenhagen has employed numerous regenerative placemaking tactics that contribute to its healthy living environment. 

Medellin, Colombia's hills with homes.

2. Medellin, Colombia

Medellin is a member of the “100 Resilient Cities” and part of the UN’s Green Cities initiative. In the midst of its natural forests, Medellin is evolving and has proven itself to be a model of social and urban transformation. The city owes its development to the collective co-creation amongst its citizens, public and private organizations. The presence of this transdisciplinary interaction has led to increased levels of community engagement.  Emerging from this partnership is an image of a resilient Medellin, one with goals of safety, equity, and sustainability. 

Innovative architecture in Medellin, Colombia.

Wide view of Auckland, New Zealand.

3. Auckland, New Zealand

As one of the most liveable cities in the world, Auckland continues to find ways to create exceptional strategies that result in the city’s transformation. There is an emphasis placed on eco-design and energy efficiency. For example, the city provides readily available resources to assist the community to make smart choices and reduce waste–whether home or business. Unique to Auckland is its reconnection with its indigenous population and natural systems. In an effort to create diverse and inclusive community engagement, a Māori design leader, Phil Wohongi, was appointed in an aim to foster the integration of identity and culture in Auckland. The city’s outreach includes speaking and listening to various community members and taking action. In regards to natural systems, Auckland has taken up many projects that include the redevelopment of waterfronts and biophilic practices.

Montevideo, Uruguay architecture.

4. Montevideo, Uruguay

Montevideo is the cultural, political, and economic center of Uruguay. The city is committed to the welfare of its citizens by placing an emphasis on human rights and sustainability. Montevideo is actively implementing the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 agenda. The city has developed a number of strategic plans for development and tackling social, economic, and environmental vulnerability.  In 2016, Montevideo was listed as a member of the 100 Resilient Cities Network. A Resilience Executive Unit was established then, to create and deliver a Resilience Strategy by 2018. The Strategy involved regenerative placemaking approaches like inclusivity, co-creation environmental commitments. Beyond this, Montevideo, and Uruguay as a whole, have taken up other projects to constantly improve agricultural and energy systems.

Ultimately, what we can learn from these identified cities are the huge role nature, technology, and the community plays. The effectiveness of natural solutions to environmental challenges is evident. We can look to nature as an energy resource, and utilize its cooling and filtration properties. There is also the benefit of equipping the built environment with smart tools for energy measurement and efficiency. All these tactics depend on community engagement. It is important for the community, not just to understand these principles, but also to be involved in them, so that implementation and necessary lifestyle changes will be welcomed. 

There are many other cities that are implementing regenerative placemaking principles in an effort to create healthy and sustainable environments; It is only a matter of time before we start seeing the effect of these changes. 

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